How to avoid trade risks stone trade
How do FOB prevent payment of two empty ?
According to statistics, China 's exports to FOB transactions accounted for 70 , but experts say . FOB greater risk for exporters , may cause goods, two empty ending. I believe this can be helpful to the reader .
At present, China export contract terms to FOB price increasing proportion of turnover , and the consignee designated shipping company less, designated overseas freight forwarding , and this does not meet the meaning of FOB terms . FOB price of export contracts with terms of transaction where the drawbacks ? Why are an increasing proportion ? Exporters how to deal with ?
Why do FOB export upward trend ?
The eighties, China's foreign trade in the statist policies , except for a few foreign-funded enterprises, foreign trade rights limited to the central and provincial and municipal professional foreign trade companies, to eighty only extend to the end of the city and county 's foreign trade companies and key manufacturing enterprises . When China 's shipping market has not opened , COSCO ship sailing ocean route far can not meet the needs of transport , a large number of export goods must transit through Hong Kong . State for the protection of the country round and insurance industry, proposes to do export CIF, imports do FOB, which became the terms of foreign trade negotiations transport guidelines . But also because exports of goods along the transit links and more often to the buyer's two way shipping information is not accurate , or even two -way vessel name changed again , to prevent our customers advance of lading, Daoqiantidan , there are also insists on what FOB the designated shipping company .
Since the nineties since China's opening up the shipping market , the foreign shipping companies have vied for China 's major coastal ports , especially Shanghai . The entry of foreign shipping companies , shipping companies for foreign buyers to provide the conditions specified . While the rapid development of foreign-funded enterprises , the state gives production enterprises and research institutes and export operation rights , our country is no longer a professional foreign trade company domination , but forming a large trade pattern.
International trade is also coupled into a buyer's market from a seller's market , in addition to state-owned enterprises export CIF do have some traditional influence , other companies follow the market , so that the FOB export volume increased to a certain extent .
With foreign shipping companies to enter the Chinese shipping market , foreign freight forwarders have flocked into the room . Overseas freight forwarding active , so that China's export volume of Designated Agent to do FOB sharp rise , coupled with the company since 1997, repeatedly liner prices, price increases more frequent , large price increases , price increases are rare in the history urgent notice , so that the original slightly profitable freight expenses becomes unprofitable or even anti- deficit , some foreign business people to hedge freight risk , take the initiative to do FOB. Therefore, in recent years , the volume of exports FOB done again and again soared, some foreign-funded enterprises reached almost 80, but also an upward trend. FOB terms, the buyer should be designated shipping company, why designated foreign freight forwarders ?
FOB Incoterm division of responsibilities is based on the goods pass the ship chord for the community, that is, the seller will ship goods to the company . FOB from the current actual usage , the designated shipping company less , most of the designated foreign freight forwarders . In accordance with International Chamber of Commerce in 1990 and 2000 of the ' International Incoterms ', FOB designated foreign freight forwarding FCA term should be used , namely cargo carriers, their responsibilities and the division of costs is not based across the ship for the sector, but the goods in designated location to the carrier nominated by the buyer . Although the FCA term has announced 10 years, but the actual use are few. FCA mainly trade on the awareness level of the two sides , more consideration is the usage agreement, speaking from the seller using the FCA term is still no real right to accept the nature of the freight bill of lading . These may be the FCA term is not widely used because , while the longer term FOB deformation approach.
Then the FOB terms , the buyer why do you want to specify freight forwarders ? Speaking from the buyer is simply out of several considerations . Some bear the freight forwarding customs clearance requirements , distribution groupage , logistics and other services . plenty of freight forwarding requirements for accurate delivery days to grasp the situation . forwarding can get some preferential tariffs , of course, does not rule out the use of a small number of unscrupulous traders or collusive Forwarder Forwarder defrauding the seller of goods . From the foregoing , the designated foreign freight forwarding Bong buyer as 'God .' In a buyer's market situation, the seller 'knowingly ago tiger, undeterred ,' is a last resort .
In the event of non- delivery of goods , the seller how to do ?
Currently , in addition to a number of international high-profile international freight forwarding , most overseas freight forwarding qualification is difficult to research, although the delivery of goods without evil intentions of the individual person is , but it has always been shrouded in the shadow of the consignor . Unscrupulous traders in collusion with foreign freight forwarding , mostly based on a small amount of orders trial a few votes , so that people feel the settlement safe shipment , and then a larger amount of orders cheat fees. The key problem here is that only provide freight bill of lading to the seller for settlement purposes , it is not a document of title , the real property certificate. Master bill of lading shipping company in the hands of freight forwarding , freight forwarding, shipping bill of lading with the goods extracted, the buyer is not a single bank foreclosure , the seller goods , a single two empty . So the seller under FOB encountered designated freight is scary , I do not know when it will happen disaster. Freight forwarding goods to prevent cheating , the foreign trade enterprises have also taken a number of preventive measures , such as through international advisory bodies such as Dun & Bradstreet credit investigation , export credit insurance ( this is usually the insurance except ) , require the buyer to meet to allow foreign freight forwarding guarantees issued by the company, to strengthen the internal audit checks, etc., but still difficult to avoid in case. Now MOFTEC via the relevant Economic and Trade Commission ( departments, bureaus ) to all foreign companies and freight forwarding industry, issued 'on the delivery of goods without risk circumvention of the notice' , under which foreign business people can convey to customers, freight forwarding requirements are not specified. can issue bills of lading issued by domestic freight forwarding requirements guarantee . Both are good ways to do the former is more difficult, because overseas freight forwarding stymied buyer often do not listen to the seller. The latter should be said that the current situation the best way, because these foreign freight forwarding offices in China, there must be a domestic freight forwarding worth recommending . Logically speaking is responsible for recommending its domestic credit is responsible for forwarding address, but China's current regulations on those who did not recommend any request being presented are not necessarily those who carry out agency business through recommending.
Category: Global Trade
Updated: 2013/9/27
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