Granite characteristics and mining issues

20 In the 1980s, the stone industry by leaps and bounds . After just a few decades later, China has become a major exporter of stone . Although a wide variety of stone , but in every stone market is still relatively common on granite . Granite in Spain , Italy and Germany and other countries began to exploit and promote sales . But how can we solve the problem of mining stone is very professional and scholars to explore important issues. In this situation , analysis and exploitation of granite stone problem has practical significance.


Analysis of a granite stone

1.1 Genetic Types of Granite everywhere in fact the cause of many types , because each of the local environment for the growth and climatic differences, therefore its genetic type of natural differences.


This article is in Guangdong , ' Taishan red' granite as an example to explain the causes of type.


The granite grows in between the mountains , mostly in the mountains among the rocks mixed .
These are mostly granite stone granite mixed two long , mixed K-feldspar granite and mixed granite , etc. , many of which contain the mineral composition of granite and other similar, mainly by potassium feldspar , quartz , plagioclase stone and other ingredients biotite . Granite rock rock rock are mixed or partially mixed rock , mostly by the banded gneiss , migmatite , etc. homogeneous composition, which especially banded migmatite majority. And rock and rock -like contact surface produced more clearly able to clearly observe bands , integration along the bottom layer and the layer split along the intrusion of relationship . Granite is a multiple causes , its internal structure is more complex, so the granite stone must be further in-depth study . If you follow the provenance of granite can be divided into semi- situ, in-situ and magmatic types.


1.2 The main features of granite stone

1 ) Quality possess characteristics have now developed more varieties of granite stone , such as amber flowers, Taishan red , various species has its own characteristics . Such as Taishan red , mainly by mixing granite and mixing section moyite composed . Its main features are: stone polished surface showed red sauce, brown, mainly used in decoration , giving a noble , simple and solemn feeling. The amber flower and is mainly mixed granite and mixed granite stone part two long lithology . Its main features are: stone polished surface showed red gray and slightly yellowish red light gray , the main tone is light gray , this can add soft, serene atmosphere.

Granite is mainly dependent diagenesis to form , the formation of these features mainly from metasomatism , mainly alkali metasomatism , can continue for a long time to change the composition and color of the stone , where the uniformity of metasomatism directly determines the quality and strength quality .


2 ) a large block of stone , buts forming more than once , its structure is more stable for long-term status of the faults and fractures occur rarely , only the emergence of individual rock fissures, so most of the stone is complete . Large blocks of granite , observed from the ground can be seen , sometimes larger pieces of stone arc distribution , the largest of which can reach more than ten cubic meters, but the block rate is not high . In fact, the block rate and the level of the block size blocks are made of rock mass defect formation and distribution of the decision, and cracks does not matter much .


3 ) quality defects Granite quality defects directly affect the quality of granite stone problem , the so-called quality defects is included stone blur body xenoliths and residual refractory minerals and veins and other parts.
( 1 ) xenoliths . the body is mainly rock and more wrapped and banded mixed lithology is mainly rock, the rock and rock , like rock borders , shapes and sizes, the larger body is able to become waste exclusion , as had enjoyed on smaller size . ( 2 ) blur body . when metasomatic formation of new minerals such as biotite , K-feldspar . spatial distribution of these minerals inherited native rock structure, through uniform size to the performance of K-feldspar grains , because K-feldspar is relatively high, mainly formed mainly red ribbon . ( 3 ) residual intolerable mineral body . this is mainly composed of biotite intolerable , mainly an irregular lumpy and small lens-shaped and porphyritic other forms, sometimes rendered discontinuous linear arrangement , a certain distribution of a variety of mixed rock black spots, had enjoyed , and the color line . ( 4 ) veins . this is mainly granitic pegmatite veins , veins and quartz veins quality . their veins are mostly distributed relatively rare , and the number is not a lot .


Two granite stone mining issues

Granite is a special stone , used widely , so all kinds of demand is also relatively large. But for granite stone mining is not so simple , there are various problems.


2.1 Select mining methods

If the granite mountain in the open air , and the large outcropping ore body thickness should be adopted by way of open pit mining hillside . if exposed stone on a flat terrain preferably recessed open pit mining exploitation . relatively small range if exposed , and the stone most were covered, covered and surrounded , it is necessary to use hole or pit mining to mine .


For granite stone mining , stone because of this greater hardness , generally chosen sawing . while for acidic , acidic form dipped into granite rock deposits, most choose to use a higher mechanized mining methods , this phenomenon are batholith . It is best to use the native rock joints implementing mining, rock festival which generally are more gentle inclination , to form a free surface , and its face toward the longitudinal joints should be parallel to the trend , and then carried forward along the floor joints , and transverse joints on the use of flame to cut the level, and then control the use of split or burst to separate , and pitch and blasting loading dose using experiments to determine reasonable parameters . after transverse joints along strike to the punch, use controlled blasting or splitting disintegration became blocks.


2.2 mining problems

For granite stone mining , the mining method based on scientific fact selection is important, but also the status quo under the mining problem analysis. Overall, there are some problems:
A ) has not been demonstrated blind exploitation , along with granite urgent need to increase demand , and its stone mining market is gradually expanding. So many businesses to seek benefits obsessed simply not demonstrated , especially for areas that have no geological data , direct blind mining, digging Luancai , wanton destruction of ecological resources . but also for the immediate exploitation is also the lack of a more distant strategic planning . 2 ) the lack of effective environmental protection policies. In a variety of economic interests , driven by mining granite stone mined each own their own businesses are simply regardless of whether the natural environment in a variety of waste rock pile on useless tricks , piling up mostly disorganized, severely damaged the natural ecology and environment . 3 ) on the blocks is underutilized . In granite stone mining site , and you could see all kinds of blocks. In fact, the blocks can be used again and should not be used as waste rock in situ chaos row misplacing , in order to ensure full use of mining resources, reduce waste of resources . For example, abandoned blocks can be broken through again as concrete aggregate , but also can be widely used in Reclamation , Reclamation and so on.

Category: Stone Knowledge

Updated: 2013/10/13

Source: